China’s economic growth slowed in October
China,BOFIT Weekly Review China’s economic growth slowed in October China’s official October economic figures indicate a continued slowdown in Chinese economic activity. Retail sales, which grew by ...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
Local government borrowing drives growth in China’s aggregate financing
China,BOFIT Weekly Review Local government borrowing drives growth in China’s aggregate financing The People’s Bank of China (PBoC) reported that aggregate financing to the real economy (AFRE), a br...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
Africa’s trade with China has grown rapidly in recent years
China,economy,BOFIT Weekly Review Africa’s trade with China has grown rapidly in recent years Africa’s bilateral trade with China has increased significantly in the past decade. The value of imports...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
SCO summit announcements include construction of a new Russia-China gas pipeline and establishing a new development bank
china,economy,BOFIT Weekly Review SCO summit announcements include construction of a new Russia-China gas pipeline and establishing a new development bank This year’s 25th Shanghai Cooperation Organ...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
China’s energy investments seek to assure energy security
china,economy,BOFIT Weekly Review China’s energy investments seek to assure energy security The just-released World Energy Investment Report from the International Energy Agency (IEA) finds that Chi...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
China-US 90-day trade war pause surprises markets
china,economy,BOFIT Weekly Review China-US 90-day trade war pause surprises markets On Monday (May 12), the United States and China announced they had reached agreement on a mutual reduction in tari...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
Global economic upheaval rattles Indian trade policies
India,economy,BOFIT Weekly Review Global economic upheaval rattles Indian trade policies The IMF’s recent Article IV assessment of the Indian economy has sparked a wide national debate about India’s...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2025
Finland’s goods exports to China remained weak in the first half
China Finland’s goods exports to China remained weak in the first half Finnish Customs reports that the value of Finland’s goods exports to China was €1.7 billion for January-June, an 11 % decr...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2024
Digital archives of publication series
Digital archives of publication series All BOFIT publications can be found in digital (PDF) format in the Bank of Finland's institutional repository. The Bank of Finland’s Unit for Eastern Europe...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Publications
Research
BOFIT research mainly involves macroeconomic studies of emerging economies with an emphasis on monetary and fiscal policy.
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage
Coal remains China’s top energy source despite significant investments in renewable energy
Coal remains China’s top energy source despite significant investments in renewable energy China is by far the world’s largest emitter of carbon dioxide. Last year the country brought as many new coa...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2024
China’s GDP growth slowed in the second quarter; central bank eases monetary stance a bit
China’s GDP growth slowed in the second quarter; central bank eases monetary stance a bit China’s National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) reports real GDP growth of 4.7 % y-o-y in the second quarter, dow...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2024
IMF sees rapid decay in China’s government finances
China IMF sees rapid decay in China’s government finances The IMF last month released its annual Article IV consultation on trends in the Chinese economy. China’s public sector deficit and indebtedn...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2019
Russian competition bureau has plenty on its plate
Russia Russian competition bureau has plenty on its plate As part of the release of the 13th annual report of Russia’s competition agency, the Federal Anti-Monopoly Service (FAS), agency head Igor A...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2019
China-US trade war heats up with latest round of tariff hikes
China China-US trade war heats up with latest round of tariff hikes On Monday (May 13), China announced new tariff increases on imports from the United States. The action was taken in response to th...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2019
China's new initiatives to protect the environment
China China's new initiatives to protect the environment Official rhetoric on improving the environment in China has been backed up with deeds in recent months. In addition to a new environmenta...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2018
China-Russia trade continued to strengthen in first quarter of this year
China-Russia trade continued to strengthen in first quarter of this year China’s imports from Russia have increased substantially faster than exports to Russia since February 2022. As a result, China...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2023
Russian real household incomes slide
Russia Russian real household incomes slide The drop in household incomes gained slight momentum in the third quarter, falling by 2.5 % y-o-y in real terms. The drop so far has been less precip...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2022
Russia's government sector deficit shrinks, the reserve fund will increase
Russia Russia's government sector deficit shrinks, the reserve fund will increase In the first quarter of this year, revenues to the consolidated budget (federal, regional and local budgets plus...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2018
China’s bond market growing rapidly, even as foreign investor interest remains weak
#china China’s bond market growing rapidly, even as foreign investor interest remains weak China’s onshore bond markets have continued to experience high growth despite the country’s many economic c...
Bofit.fi / Bofit homepage / Monitoring / Weekly Review / 2023